Punakha Dzongkhag has been inextricably linked with momentous occasions in Bhutanese history. It served as the capital of the country from 1637 to 1907 and the first national assembly was hosted here in 1953. Punakha Dzong is not only the second oldest and second largest dzong but it also has one of the most majestic structures in the country.
October 13, 2011 marked an unforgettable wedding of the King of Bhutan, Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck to Jetsun Pema which was held at Punakha Dzong. Punakha Dzong was built at the confluence of two major rivers in Bhutan, the Pho Chhu and Mo Chhu, which converge in this valley. It is an especially beautiful sight on sunny days with sunlight reflecting off the water onto its white-washed walls.
In addition to its structural beauty, Punakha Dzong is notable for containing the preserved remains of Zhabdrung Ngawang Namgyal, the unifier of Bhutan as well as a sacred relic known as the Ranjung Karsapani. This relic is a self-created image of Avalokiteswara that miraculously emerged from the vertebrae of Tsangpa Gyarey, the founder of the Drukpa School when he was cremated.
Punakha valley has a pleasant climate with warm winters and hot summers. It is located at an average elevation of 1200 m above sea level. Owing to the favourable climatic conditions, rice has become the main cash crop cultivated in the region.

Places to Visit in Punakha

1. Punakha Dzong

Known as Pungthang Dewa Chhenbi Phodrang, meaning the Palace of Great Happiness, Punakha Dzong is one of Bhutan's most magnificent historical fortresses. Built in 1637 by Zhabdrung Ngawang Namgyal at the confluence of the Pho Chhu and Mo Chhu rivers, it served as the country's administrative and religious centre for many years. The dzong was also the site of the coronation of Bhutan's first King in 1907. Today, it serves as the winter residence of the Central Monastic Body and remains one of the country's most treasured architectural and spiritual landmarks.

2. Chimi Lhakhang – The Temple of Fertility

Located on a small hillock near Sopsokha village, Chimi Lhakhang is a famous Buddhist temple associated with Lama Drukpa Kuenley, popularly known as the Divine Madman. Established in the late 15th century, the temple is widely known for its fertility blessings and unique religious traditions. Reaching the temple involves a pleasant walk through beautiful rice fields and traditional Bhutanese villages, offering visitors an opportunity to experience rural life and local hospitality.

3. Khamsum Yulley Namgyal Chorten

Situated on a hill overlooking the beautiful Punakha Valley, Khamsum Yulley Namgyal Chorten is a remarkable religious monument commissioned by the Queen Mother, Ashi Tshering Yangdon Wangchuck. Built to promote peace, harmony and protection, the chorten showcases exquisite Bhutanese architecture, intricate paintings and beautiful Buddhist artwork. The scenic hike to the monument passes through rice fields, traditional villages and a suspension bridge, rewarding visitors with spectacular panoramic views of the valley and Mo Chhu River.

4. Punakha Suspension Bridge

Spanning the Pho Chhu River near Punakha Dzong, the Punakha Suspension Bridge is one of Bhutan's longest traditional suspension bridges. Decorated with colourful prayer flags, the bridge offers visitors a memorable walking experience with beautiful views of the flowing river, surrounding mountains and traditional settlements. It is also a wonderful spot for photography and experiencing the peaceful atmosphere of the Punakha Valley.

5. Sangchhen Dorji Lhuendrup Nunnery

Perched on a scenic ridge overlooking the valleys of Punakha and Wangdue Phodrang, Sangchhen Dorji Lhuendrup Lhakhang Nunnery is an important centre for Buddhist learning and spiritual practice. The complex features a magnificent bronze statue of Avalokiteshvara, surrounded by beautiful religious artwork and traditional architecture. It also provides Buddhist education and practical skills training for nuns, making it an important centre for preserving Bhutanese spiritual and cultural traditions.

6. Nalanda Buddhist Institute (second Nalanda)

Located in Talo village, Nalanda Buddhist Institute, locally known as Dalayna, is a peaceful centre of Buddhist learning surrounded by beautiful mountain scenery. Established to provide Buddhist education and spiritual training, the institute offers visitors an opportunity to learn about monastic life and Bhutanese Buddhist traditions. Its elevated location also provides impressive views of the surrounding villages and valleys.

7. Limbukha Village

Limbukha is a traditional Bhutanese village situated on a scenic hillside overlooking the Punakha Valley. The village is particularly known for its peaceful atmosphere, traditional farming practices and cultivation of Bhutanese red rice. Visitors can enjoy a pleasant village walk, interact with local communities and discover the agricultural traditions and simple rural lifestyle of the region.

8. Talo Village

Situated on a beautiful hillside overlooking the Punakha Valley, Talo is a traditional settlement known for its well-maintained farmhouses, flower gardens and picturesque surroundings. The village offers visitors an opportunity to experience authentic Bhutanese rural life while enjoying spectacular views of the surrounding valleys and mountains.

9. Kabji Hoko Tsho

Kabji Hoko Tsho is a beautiful natural lake hidden among dense forest vegetation in the Punakha region. Located at approximately 2,000 metres above sea level, the lake offers a peaceful hiking destination for nature lovers and outdoor enthusiasts. The walking trail passes through forested landscapes, providing opportunities to enjoy the region's natural beauty, birdlife and tranquil surroundings.

Hiking and Trekking in Punakha

1. Khamsum Yulley Namgyal Chorten Hike

• Duration: Approximately 2 hours round trip.
• Difficulty: Easy to moderate.

2. Limbukha Village Hike

• Duration: Approximately 2–3 hours uphill.
• Difficulty: Moderate.

3. Divine Madman's Trail

• Duration: Approximately 4-5 hours.
• Difficulty: Moderate.

4. Kabji Hoko Tsho Hike

• Duration: Approximately 2 hours one way from the road access point.
• Difficulty: Moderate.

5. Punakha Winter Trek

• Duration: Approximately 3 days.
• Difficulty: Moderate